Used Coordinate Measuring Machines Essentials

Used coordinate measuring machines have become a crucial tool in numerous industries, offering precision and efficiency at a lower cost. From aerospace to automotive, manufacturing, and beyond, CMMs help businesses optimize their production processes.

A wide range of coordinate measuring machines are available, classified into different types, including optical, contact, and scanning probes. Their applications go beyond measuring dimensions and include inspecting complex geometries and verifying part conformity.

Definition and Classification of Used Coordinate Measuring Machines

Used Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) are precision instruments that enable manufacturers to accurately measure the geometry and dimensions of complex parts, components, and assemblies. These machines are extensively employed in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing, where product quality, precision, and reliability are paramount.

Classification of Coordinate Measuring Machines

Coordinate Measuring Machines are primarily classified into four main categories based on their measurement principles and capabilities: optical, contact, non-contact, and scanning CMMs.

Optical Coordinate Measuring Machines

Optical CMMs use laser interferometry to measure the dimensions and geometry of parts. These machines are accurate, non-contact, and provide high-speed measurement capabilities. They are widely used for measuring large and complex parts, such as aircraft components and engine components.

Optical CMMs can achieve measurement accuracy of up to 0.1 microns, making them ideal for precision applications.

Contact Coordinate Measuring Machines

Contact CMMs use probing systems to physically measure the dimensions and geometry of parts. These machines are reliable, accurate, and provide high-repetition precision measurements. They are often used in manufacturing and quality control applications where parts have complex geometries.

Non-Contact Coordinate Measuring Machines

Non-contact CMMs use vision systems, radar, or acoustic sensors to measure the dimensions and geometry of parts without physical contact. These machines are often used for measuring large and complex parts, such as aircraft components and satellite components, where physical contact may damage the part.

Scanning Coordinate Measuring Machines

Scanning CMMs use high-speed, non-contact optical sensors to capture the geometry of parts. These machines are ideal for measuring complex parts, such as those with large flat surfaces, thin walls, or intricate geometries.

Applications of Coordinate Measuring Machines

CMMs are widely used in various industries for various applications:

Aerospace: CMMs are used to measure the precision and accuracy of aircraft components, such as engine components, landing gear, and composite materials.
- CMMs can measure the complex geometries of aircraft parts with high accuracy, ensuring reliable performance and safety.
- They are used in final inspection and testing of aircraft components to ensure quality and precision.
Automotive: CMMs are used to measure the dimensions and geometry of automotive components, such as engine components, suspension components, and body panels.
- CMMs can measure the precise dimensions of engines and engine components, ensuring reliable performance and fuel efficiency.
- They are used in final inspection and testing of automotive components to ensure quality and precision.
Manufacturing: CMMs are used to measure the dimensions and geometry of manufactured parts, ensuring quality and precision.
- CMMs can measure the precise dimensions and geometry of parts with high accuracy, reducing errors and rework.
- They are used in inspection and testing of parts to ensure quality and compliance with specifications.

Advantages and Limitations of Coordinate Measuring Machines

CMMs offer many advantages, including:

High accuracy: CMMs can achieve measurement accuracy of up to 0.1 microns, making them ideal for precision applications.
Non-contact measurement: CMMs can measure parts without physical contact, reducing damage and ensuring precise measurements.
High-speed measurement: CMMs can measure parts quickly and efficiently, increasing productivity and reducing production time.
Comprehensive measurement capabilities: CMMs can measure dimensions, geometry, and surface finish, providing a comprehensive view of part quality.

However, CMMs also have limitations, including:

Cost: CMMs are capital-intensive and require significant investment, including purchase, calibration, and maintenance.
Complexity: CMMs require specialized operators and technicians to operate, calibrate, and maintain the machines.
Sensitivity: CMMs can be sensitive to environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and vibration, which can affect measurement accuracy.

Factors to Consider When Purchasing a Used Coordinate Measuring Machine

When embarking on the quest for a reliable used Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), one must navigate through a maze of complexities. It’s a dance between precision, accuracy, and budget, with certifications and standards compliance being the elusive partners waiting to be wooed.

Accuracy and Precision

Accuracy and precision are the twin pillars upon which the edifice of confidence in used CMMs stands. It’s a delicate balance between the two, as accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value, while precision pertains to the consistency of those measurements. Manufacturers and sellers tout their products with boasts of high accuracy and precision, but don’t be swayed by empty promises. Instead, scrutinize the equipment’s certification and calibration records, and demand to see proof of its capability to maintain repeatability and reproducibility.

Verify the CMM’s measurement capabilities, particularly in terms of its resolution, sensitivity, and overall measurement range.
Check if the CMM has been certified by reputable third-party organizations such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Look for documentation or manufacturer’s statements regarding the CMM’s accuracy and precision, including any calibration or testing records.

Durability and Maintenance

Even the most precise CMM is useless if it’s unable to withstand the rigors of daily use. Durability and maintenance are paramount considerations when selecting a used CMM. Assess the equipment’s condition, inspect for any signs of wear and tear, and demand to see maintenance records.

Inspect the CMM’s physical condition, paying particular attention to any signs of damage, corrosion, or excessive wear.
Review maintenance records, including schedules for routine calibrations, cleaning, and lubrication, if applicable.
Check if the CMM is equipped with any protective features, such as dust or moisture shields, and ensure that these features are functioning properly.

Certifications and Standards Compliance

In the realm of used CMMs, certifications and standards compliance are the holy grail. They serve as a barometer of the equipment’s quality and reliability, while also ensuring that it meets the necessary requirements for its intended application. Familiarize yourself with the relevant standards and regulations, and ensure that the CMM you’re considering meets or exceeds these standards.

Research the relevant industry standards and regulations, such as ISO 10360, NIST 260, or ASME B89.
Verify that the CMM has been certified to these standards by a reputable third-party organization.
Demand to see documentation or manufacturer’s statements regarding the CMM’s compliance with these standards.

Examples of Successful Used CMM Purchases

Despite the challenges associated with purchasing a used CMM, many companies have found success with this approach. Their stories serve as testaments to the effectiveness of proper research, due diligence, and a dash of creativity.

Case Study 1: A precision engineering company purchased a used Coordinate Measuring Machine from a reputable dealer, which had been certified by NIST. After thorough inspection and calibration, the CMM proved to be a significant upgrade to their existing equipment, enabling them to improve product quality and reduce production costs.

Case Study 2: A startup manufacturer acquired a used CMM from a local supplier, which had been previously used for quality control purposes. After proper calibration and testing, the CMM proved to be a cost-effective solution for their quality control needs, allowing them to expand their product offerings without breaking the bank.

Pre-Owned vs. New Coordinate Measuring Machines

Used Coordinate Measuring Machines Essentials

For manufacturers and quality control professionals looking to upgrade their precision measurement capabilities, the primary decision lies in choosing between a pre-owned and a new coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The former option, while often budget-friendly, comes with its set of concerns, whereas the latter offers a more straightforward purchasing experience. However, both alternatives offer unique advantages and disadvantages that warrant a closer examination.

The Unyielding Pursuit of Savings: A Comparison of Costs

When it comes to purchasing a CMM, the difference in cost is one of the most significant factors influencing the decision. Pre-owned CMMs can offer substantial savings compared to their brand-new counterparts. This disparity in pricing can be attributed to factors such as reduced depreciation for pre-owned models, lower production costs for their manufacturers, or in some cases, discontinued production lines. Conversely, new CMMs come with a higher upfront cost, which, despite being a significant expense, is typically offset by increased peace of mind in terms of warranty and support from the manufacturer.

Pre-owned CMMs typically cost anywhere from 20% to 50% less than their new equivalents.
New CMMs, on the other hand, often come at a much higher cost, but with the advantage of being under full manufacturer warranty.

The Weight of Responsibility: Assessing Reliability and Longevity

A pre-owned CMM, having already taken its share of operational loads, might exhibit diminished performance compared to its new counterpart. In contrast, new CMMs are designed and engineered with the most modern technologies and are typically built to withstand the wear and tear of extended usage. While some users may have concerns regarding potential long-term reliability and lifespan, it’s worth noting that pre-owned CMMs, when chosen from reputable vendors, can offer reliable service for years to come. Furthermore, diligent maintenance and occasional upgrades or repairs can extend the lifespan of a well-maintained pre-owned CMM.

The longevity of a pre-owned CMM can depend largely on its maintenance record and operating history.

A Balance Between Risks and Rewards

Purchasing a pre-owned CMM involves weighing the potential risks against its rewards. The possibility of lower costs, a reduction in environmental impact (thanks to the reuse of an existing machine), and the satisfaction of finding a suitable model within your budget are substantial benefits. However, there are risks to consider, including potential reliability issues and difficulties in sourcing support from the manufacturer after purchase.

The risk of reliability issues with pre-owned CMMs.
The challenge of maintaining compatibility with new technology or software, which can arise from mismatched or outdated hardware.

Coordinate Measuring Machine Accessories and Options

In the realm of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs), accessories and options play a vital role in enhancing their capabilities, accuracy, and productivity. These additional components enable CMMs to adapt to diverse measurement tasks, providing users with flexibility and precision in their metrology endeavors. This section explores the various types of accessories and options available for CMMs, their applications, and the benefits of retrofitting or upgrading existing systems.

Probe Options

Probes are a crucial part of CMM operations, as they interact with the measured object to gather data. Different probe types cater to specific measurement requirements, offering varying levels of precision, speed, and versatility. Some common probe options include:

Touch Probe: A touch probe is a simple, low-cost probe that relies on physical contact with the measured object. It is often used for basic measurements, such as gauging and inspection.
Vision Probe: A vision probe incorporates camera technology to capture images of the measured object, allowing for high-speed measurements and dimensional inspections.
Laser Scanner: A laser scanner uses a laser beam to scan the measured object, providing detailed information on its geometry and surface texture.

A laser scanner is particularly useful for measuring complex shapes, freeform surfaces, and large objects.

Each probe type has its unique advantages, and selecting the right one depends on the specific measurement task, the material being measured, and the desired level of precision.

Software and Interfacing Options

Modern CMMs often rely on sophisticated software to manage measurement data, analyze results, and control the measurement process. Some common software and interfacing options include:

CMM Software: CMM software provides a user-friendly interface for configuring measurement tasks, analyzing data, and generating reports. Examples of CMM software include PC-DMIS, Metrolog, and Q-DAS.
Programming Languages: Some CMMs support programming languages like ANSI C, C++, or Python, enabling users to create custom measurement routines and automate complex tasks.
Interface Options: CMMs can be integrated with various devices and systems, such as computer-aided design (CAD) software, computer-aided engineering (CAE) software, and quality control systems.

Integrating CMMs with CAD software allows for seamless data exchange and facilitates the creation of digital twins, enabling faster design iteration and improved product development.

The choice of software and interfacing options depends on the user’s specific needs, existing infrastructure, and desired level of integration.

Upgrades and Retrofits

Older CMMs can be upgraded or retrofitted with new accessories and options, extending their lifespan and enhancing their performance. This approach provides a cost-effective alternative to purchasing a new CMM, while also allowing users to leverage the latest technology and innovations.

Retrofitting CMMs involves replacing or upgrading individual components, such as probes, controllers, or software. This approach can improve measurement accuracy, increase productivity, and reduce maintenance costs.

Retrofitting CMMs can be a viable option when upgrading to a new CMM is not feasible due to budget constraints or limited space.

By choosing the right accessories and options, users can unlock the full potential of their CMMs, ensuring accuracy, productivity, and efficiency in their metrology endeavors.

Maintaining and Troubleshooting Used Coordinate Measuring Machines

The longevity and reliability of a used Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) heavily rely on regular maintenance and calibration. Just like a fine-tuned orchestra, a CMM requires precise adjustments to function optimally, ensuring accuracy and reliability in its measurements. Neglecting maintenance can lead to equipment failure, reduced productivity, and compromised quality.

The Importance of Regular Maintenance and Calibration

Calibration is the process of determining the accuracy of a CMM by comparing its measurements to a certified reference standard.

Regular maintenance and calibration are indispensable for ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and longevity of a CMM. This involves checking and replacing wear and tear, updating software, and recalibrating the machine to compensate for drifts in its measurements. Failing to maintain a CMM can lead to errors, reduced productivity, and compromised competitiveness.

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting Guide, Used coordinate measuring machine

Troubleshooting a CMM involves identifying and addressing issues that affect its performance. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help diagnose common problems:

Issue 1: Incorrect Measurements

Cause: Incorrect calibration or outdated software
Solution: Recalibrate the CMM and update the software
Hint: Regularly check the CMM’s certification and update the software to the latest version.

Issue 2: Poor Accuracy

Cause: Worn-out or misplaced probes, dirty sensors, or incorrect measurement settings
Solution: Clean the sensors, replace the probes, and adjust the measurement settings
Hint: Perform routine checks on the probes and sensors to ensure they are in good working condition.

Issue 3: Machine Failure

Cause: Overload, mechanical failure, or electrical issues
Solution: Shut down the CMM, inspect the cause of the failure, and replace or repair the affected components
Hint: Regularly inspect the CMM for signs of wear and tear to prevent failure and minimize downtime.

Optimizing CMM Performance and Reducing Downtime

To maximize a CMM’s performance and minimize downtime, focus on:

Regular maintenance and calibration
Proper handling and storage of the CMM
Training operators on correct measurement procedures and protocols
Maintaining a clean and organized workspace to prevent contamination and damage to the CMM

By prioritizing maintenance and calibration, you can extend the lifespan of your CMM, reduce downtime, and enhance its accuracy and reliability.

Integration and Compatibility of Used Coordinate Measuring Machines

Ensuring seamless integration and compatibility is crucial when incorporating a used Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) into an existing manufacturing environment. The compatibility of the used CMM with other factory equipment or systems can significantly impact the efficiency, accuracy, and overall performance of the production line.

Importance of Compatibility

The compatibility of a used CMM with other factory equipment or systems is vital for several reasons:

The used CMM must be able to communicate effectively with other machines and systems to ensure accurate and efficient data transfer.
Incompatible systems can lead to data errors, machine calibration issues, and decreased productivity.
Ensuring compatibility can also prevent costly reconfigurations and downtime associated with integrating new systems.

Integration Options with Existing Manufacturing Software

Several options are available for integrating a used CMM with existing manufacturing software:

Modbus

: A widely used industrial protocol for communication between devices.
OPC UA

: An open-standard industrial communication protocol.
CMM software

: Many software solutions are specifically designed for CMMs, offering features such as data analysis, report generation, and user interface customization.

Each integration option has its benefits and challenges, which should be carefully evaluated based on the specific needs of the factory ecosystem.

Benefits and Challenges of Integrating a Used CMM with a Modern Factory Ecosystem

Integrating a used CMM with modern factory equipment and software can bring several benefits, including:

Improved accuracy and precision
Enhanced productivity and efficiency
Real-time data analysis and reporting

On the other hand, integrating a used CMM may also present challenges, such as:

Legacy software and hardware compatibility issues
Upgrade costs and downtime associated with integrating new systems
Ensuring seamless communication between the used CMM and modern factory equipment

By carefully evaluating the integration options and compatibility requirements, manufacturers can successfully incorporate a used CMM into their modern factory ecosystem, maximizing efficiency, accuracy, and productivity.

Solution-Specific Integration Strategies

To address specific integration challenges, manufacturers can consider the following strategies:

Consulting with experts in CMM software and integration to identify the best approach for the factory ecosystem.
Upgrading or replacing legacy CMM software to ensure compatibility with modern factory equipment.
Customizing the CMM user interface to match existing factory systems and workflows.

Used Coordinate Measuring Machines in Education and Training

In the realm of academia and vocational training, the utilization of used coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) has emerged as a strategic tool for imparting critical skills and knowledge to future engineers and technicians. These machines, by virtue of their precision and accuracy, play a pivotal role in training programs aimed at equipping students with hands-on experience and technical expertise.

Role of CMMs in Academic and Vocational Training Programs

CMMs have become an indispensable component in the educational landscape, serving as a bridge between theoretical concepts and practical applications. They enable students to engage in immersive learning experiences, allowing them to directly interact with precision measurement tools and develop a deeper understanding of geometric dimensions and tolerances. By leveraging CMMs, educational institutions can provide students with a comprehensive education that seamlessly integrates classroom learning with real-world applications.

Benefits of Using a Used CMM in an Educational Setting

Adopting a used CMM can have numerous benefits for educational institutions, particularly in terms of cost-effectiveness and accessibility. By repurposing an existing machine, educational institutions can redirect funds towards other essential resources, such as instructor development and infrastructure improvements. Moreover, the utilization of a used CMM can serve as an opportunity for students to engage with cutting-edge technology, thereby fostering a sense of innovation and collaboration within the learning environment.

Cost-Effectiveness: Used CMMs can be purchased at a significantly lower cost compared to their new counterparts, allowing educational institutions to allocate resources more efficiently. This cost savings can be redirected towards instructor development, lab renovations, or other essential investments that enhance the educational experience.
Accessibility: By leveraging a used CMM, educational institutions can expand access to precision measurement technology, enabling a broader range of students to engage with these critical tools and develop essential skills.
Practical Applications: Used CMMs can serve as a conduit to real-world problem-solving, as students work with the machines to address actual measurement challenges and refine their skills in precision engineering.

Examples of Successful CMM Training Programs and Their Outcomes

Several educational institutions have successfully integrated used CMMs into their training programs, yielding impressive results and demonstrating the potential of these machines in the educational context. For instance, a leading technical college in the United States adopted a used CMM as part of its precision measurement curriculum, resulting in a 30% increase in student proficiency and a notable improvement in job placement rates for graduates.

Technical College Success Story: By incorporating a used CMM into its curriculum, a prominent technical college in the United States witnessed a significant improvement in student performance and job readiness.
Industry Partnerships: Educational institutions that have partnered with local industries to integrate used CMMs into their training programs have reported a higher level of student engagement and a greater sense of relevance to real-world applications.
Competency-Based Education: By utilizing used CMMs, educational institutions can design competency-based learning experiences that emphasize students’ mastery of precision measurement skills, thereby facilitating more efficient and effective learning pathways.

Environmental and Health Considerations for Used Coordinate Measuring Machines

Coordinate measuring machine Stock Photo - Alamy

The environmental and health considerations for used coordinate measuring machines are crucial factors to consider when purchasing or disposing of these machines. As technology continues to evolve, older CMMs often find themselves decommissioned and replaced, leading to concerns about their environmental impact and potential health risks associated with their use. In this section, we will explore the potential environmental impact of disposing of a used CMM, strategies for responsibly disposing of a used CMM, and identify health risks associated with CMM use.

The environmental impact of disposing of a used CMM can be significant, as these machines contain hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, and cadmium. If not disposed of properly, these materials can contaminate soil, water, and air, posing a risk to the environment and human health. Furthermore, the energy required to manufacture and transport new CMMs can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change.

Strategies for Responsibly Disposing of a Used CMM

When disposing of a used CMM, it is essential to consider the environmental and health implications. Here are some strategies for responsibly disposing of a used CMM:

Recycle the CMM’s electronic components, such as the control system and measuring sensors. This can be done through specialized electronics recycling facilities or manufacturers’ take-back programs.
Separate the CMM’s metal components, such as the frame and fixtures, and recycle them through a metal scrapyard or recycling facility.
Properly dispose of any hazardous materials, such as lead or mercury-containing parts, through a licensed hazardous waste disposal facility.
Ensure that all data storage devices, such as hard drives and data cards, are wiped clean and recycled.

Health Risks Associated with CMM Use

The use of CMMs has been linked to various health risks, including:

Exposure to radiation from X-ray or gamma-ray sources used for measuring certain materials.
Exposure to chemicals used in the manufacturing process, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium.
Repetitive strain injuries due to prolonged use of the machine’s control panel and joysticks.
Eye strain and fatigue due to prolonged focus on the measuring system’s displays.

To mitigate these health risks, manufacturers and users of CMMs should:

Mitigating Health Risks

To minimize the health risks associated with CMM use, manufacturers and users can take the following precautions:

Install radiation shielding around X-ray or gamma-ray sources.
Ensure proper ventilation and air filtration in the working area.
Implement ergonomic design principles in the control panel and joysticks.
Provide regular eye exams and eye strain prevention training for operators.
Develop and implement safety protocols and procedures for handling hazardous materials.

Regulatory Compliance and Industry Standards

Manufacturers and users of CMMs must comply with relevant regulations and industry standards to minimize environmental and health risks. Some key standards and regulations include:

NIST Handbook 44: Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices.
NIST Special Publication 811: Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI).
OSHA Guidelines for the Safe Use of X-ray and Gamma-ray Radiation-Producing Equipment.
European Union’s Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive.

Last Recap

In conclusion, used coordinate measuring machines remain an attractive option for businesses seeking to enhance their accuracy, reduce costs, and improve productivity. However, careful consideration of factors like certification, reliability, and maintenance is essential to ensure a successful CMM investment.

General Inquiries

Q: What is the typical lifespan of a used CMM?

A: A well-maintained CMM can last for 10-20 years or more, depending on usage and upkeep.

Q: Can I purchase a used CMM online?

A: Yes, several online marketplaces and industrial equipment suppliers offer used CMMs for sale. However, it’s recommended to verify the seller’s reputation and inspect the equipment before purchasing.

Q: Are used CMMs guaranteed for accuracy?

A: While used CMMs have undergone calibration, their accuracy may have degraded over time. It’s essential to ensure the CMM meets your requirements before using it for critical applications.

Q: Can I upgrade a used CMM with modern software?

A: Yes, many used CMMs can be retrofitted with advanced software or integrated into modern manufacturing systems. However, compatibility and hardware requirements must be carefully assessed before upgrading.

Q: How do I dispose of a used CMM responsibly?

A: Proper disposal of electronic waste requires careful handling and recycling. Contact your local authorities or a certified e-waste disposal service to ensure environmentally friendly and secure disposal.